Tuesday, March 26, 2013

Sweet Short Wedding Dress Gives You A Good Memory

A blog is your easy-to-use web site, where you can publish your thoughts, share your ideas & experiences with other professionals, gather feedback and do more.

It's a simple way to create your professional online presence. It only takes seconds and is FREE

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/recentlyposted/~3/08U-AVL9214/Sweet-Short-Wedding-Dress-Gives-You-A-Good-Memory-bid-XMGsF1Qe48478155.html

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Sunday, March 24, 2013

Speedtest.net app gets a new look, iPhone 5 support, and more

Speedtest.net app updated, show us your results!

Speedtest.net Mobile Speed Test has been updated to version 3.0. The update brings a new look, iPhone 5 support, and some new features. The interface is now less cluttered than before, sporting a more modern, clean design. Additionally, Speedtest.net is now compatible with the 4-inch screen of the iPhone 5.

Other improvements include easier results sharing, improved server selection, sortable results, and a $0.99 in-app purchase to remove advertising.

So now that you have a proper Speedtest.app, download it, and head on over to the iPhone 5 speed test forum thread and post a screenshot of your results!



Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/yPL-s5gqVto/story01.htm

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Wednesday, March 13, 2013

Family Home and Life: Wow Us Wednesday

I have to tell you, I really love this recipe...you need to see it;?Our Old Homestead has Oatmeal to Go!
I love pretty much everything Art Club Blog makes and I really love this Linocut Printmaking!?
Alderberry Hill shows us how she makes Cheater Cupcakes. Smart girl :)
What Happen's At Grandmas made the cutest bunnies you have ever seen! And as usual, a wonderful tutorial to show you how to make your own. Love them :)

Button pic 9

If you have been featured, please choose the button you like best.

Wow Us Wednesday is a linky for:

  • All items, projects or ideas?made by you, (please don't link posts about another blogs projects or photos)?crafts, art, photography, furniture re-dos, organizational feats, recipes, money saving tips, decorating ideas, party plans, you name it!?Please don?t forget to link back with text link or button!
  • Please consider following me, and visit some other linkers and comment there too.?
  • Link up to three specific post, not your blog home page. No Etsy shops or giveaways, please!

I love to feature projects I choose and share them the following week here and on Facebook -?by submitting a link?to this party you?are allowing authorization?for your project to be featured with a?photo from your post. I also Pin all Features. Featured links will include?a photo and a link?back to the originating site.

Thank you for linking up today! I am sorry that time does not permit me to comment on?everyone's?post.



If you are reading this post anywhere else but at Family Home and Life then it was used without permission! Please report it! Copyright ? Family Home and Life 2010-2013 All Rights Reserved

Source: http://www.familyhomeandlife.com/2013/03/wow-us-wednesday_13.html

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CMU's CHIMP Will Save Lives Where Humans Can't Monkey Around

The Fukushima Daiichi meltdown and other recent disasters like Deepwater Horizon highlight a very real need for robotic first responders that can operate in inhospitable environments. In response, DARPA recently issued a Robotics Challenge addressing the issue. Here's the design that Carnegie Mellon University's National Robotics Engineering Center (CMU NREC) hopes will take home the challenge's $2 million purse—and save lives some day. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/f2NOTNBGixo/cmus-chimp-will-save-lives-where-humans-cant-monkey-around

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Virgin Galactic Nearing First Rocket-Powered Test Flight

The photo you see above was taken on February 28th when the Virgin Galactic and Scaled Composites team tested, for the first time, the rocket that will power its first test flight before going into orbit. And it was a raging success. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/V9U8dYHDg_w/virgin-galactic-nearing-first-rocket+powered-test-flight

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Tuesday, March 12, 2013

CA-BUSINESS Summary

TSX advances as energy shares, BlackBerry drive gains

TORONTO (Reuters) - Canada's main stock index closed higher on Monday, helped by gains in the energy sector and a 14 percent jump in BlackBerry shares on takeover speculation and U.S. market launch plans. BlackBerry shares gained after U.S. wireless carrier AT&T Inc said it would start selling the highly anticipated BlackBerry Z10 touchscreen smartphone to customers by March 22, with early sales of the devices to begin on Tuesday.

BlackBerry shares rally on AT&T launch, takeover hopes

TORONTO (Reuters) - BlackBerry shares rose 14 percent on Monday, fueled by takeover speculation and news that AT&T Inc will start selling the new BlackBerry Z10 touchscreen smartphone in the United States on March 22. The speculation was sparked by a comment from the head of China's Lenovo Group Ltd , who told a French newspaper on Monday that the personal computer maker might consider an acquisition of Canada's BlackBerry at some point in the future.

Canadian Solar expects retroactive EU duties on solar imports

(Reuters) - Canadian Solar Inc reported a bigger-than-expected quarterly loss and said retroactive duties on China-made solar products by the European Commission could reverse a pick-up in demand for its products in the continent. The stock of the company, most of whose manufacturing operations are in China, fell 12 percent to a two-month low of $3.28 on the Nasdaq on Monday.

Aeterna Zentaris to stop late-stage cancer drug trial, shares fall

(Reuters) - Canadian drugmaker Aeterna Zentaris Inc said it would discontinue a late-stage trial of a cancer drug after an independent data safety monitoring committee said the drug was unlikely to help increase patient survival. Shares of the company fell as much as 29 percent to C$1.89 on Monday on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Canada employers to keep adding jobs in second quarter: Manpower

TORONTO (Reuters) - Canadian employers are likely to keep adding jobs in the second quarter but at a slightly slower pace than in the first quarter, with the highest growth in the transportation and utilities sectors, according to a survey released on Tuesday. A net 12 percent of Canadian employers expect to add jobs in the second quarter, the study from staffing company Manpower showed. That was down slightly from a net 13 percent three months earlier.

Analysis: Solar trade war promises order bonanza for Taiwan

(Reuters) - Business has been booming for Taiwanese solar companies since they became the middlemen in a trade war between the United States, China and Europe over the multi-billion dollar solar power equipment market. Green Energy Technology Inc , which makes wafers used in solar cells, is receiving so many orders from Chinese firms seeking to circumvent U.S. import duties that the company is considering renting extra capacity.

Nomura to take Monte Paschi dispute to London: source

MILAN (Reuters) - Japanese bank Nomura is seeking to establish British jurisdiction for its dispute with Monte dei Paschi di Siena over risky derivatives trades, a source close to the matter said on Monday. Nomura began proceedings in one of Britain's top court on March 1, the source said, speaking on condition of anonymity. On the same day Italy's scandal-hit Monte dei Paschi filed a damages claim in a Florence court against Nomura, as well as Deutsche Bank and two former executives of Monte dei Paschi.

Tycoons to exit TNK-BP, Rosneft closing this week: sources

MOSCOW (Reuters) - Two of the tycoons who shared control of Russia's third largest oil producer with BP for much of the past decade will leave their management posts at the end of the week when their sale of the company to Rosneft is closed. Sources close to management said German Khan, a TNK-BP shareholder and the firm's de facto chief in recent years, will leave the company by Friday with Viktor Vekselberg, a metals and mining tycoon who holds a nominal senior post.

Boeing confident has permanent 787 battery fix: executive

ORLANDO, Florida (Reuters) - Boeing Co is confident that proposed changes to the 787 Dreamliner will provide a permanent solution to battery problems that grounded its newest jet, a senior executive said on Monday. The U.S. planemaker has also made significant progress in pulling together a plan to launch a revamped version of its best-selling 777 wide-body jet, Boeing Commercial Airplanes marketing vice president Randy Tinseth told a conference of aviation financiers.

Blackstone, Canadian fund buy more of Gecina's debt

PARIS (Reuters) - Investment fund Blackstone and Canadian real estate fund Ivanho? Cambridge said they had acquired 64.7 percent of the loans held by two Spanish owners of Gecina , potentially paving the way to take an equity stake in the French real estate group. Gecina, a French real estate investment trust, has been in the spotlight since two Spanish investment companies - Alteco and MAG Import - owning 31 percent of the French company filed for bankruptcy in October.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ca-business-summary-003300357--finance.html

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Critics of Christie's Online Gaming Revenue Boost: 'It's a Long Shot ...

Atlantic_City_NJ_nightBOB HOLT
NEWJERSEYNEWSROOM.COM

Observers are saying that Governor Christie is being overly optimistic in his predictions for revenue to be gained from new online betting laws.

Atlantic City?s casino revenues have fallen for six straight years, and Christie is counting on the new law to boost the rebuilding process.

According to WSJ.com, Christie?s recently introduced 2014 state budget includes an estimated $1.2 billion market from the new online gambling law. But final approval for its implementation is not expected until late in fiscal year 2013.

Analysts say that estimates from $250 million to about $850 million are more likely. Last year Christie predicted that New Jersey?s revenue from Atlantic City?s casinos would increase by 16 percent in fiscal year 2013. The number was 28 percent below his goal at the end of February, according to Bloomberg.

?It?s a long shot,? said Gene Johnson, of Spectrum Gaming Group LLC from Linwood, according to Bloomberg. Assembly Budget Chairman Vincent Prieto from Secaucus added, ?You have to be realistic, and I?d think by this time he?d err on the side of caution.?

Senator Raymond Lesniak from Elizabeth, a main sponsor of New Jersey?s online gambling measure predicted online operators would make about $300 million in the first year, with first-year tax collections coming in at around $45 million.

Reuters reported that right after New Jersey legalized online gambling Feb. 26, market shares of Caesars Entertainment, which controls four New Jersey casinos and Boyd Gaming, which runs the Borgata, rose between 2 and 6 percent.?Caesars spokesman Gary Thompson said, "We think online gambling in New Jersey is going to be beneficial not only to our company and other operators but it will also help expand and possibly reinvigorate the market by introducing games to potential new customers."

Source: http://www.newjerseynewsroom.com/state/christie-counting-too-heavily-on-online-gambling-revenue-for-budget

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Pentagon forming cyber teams to prevent attacks

FILE - In this Sept. 23, 2010 file photo, Army Gen. Keith B. Alexander, commander of the U.S. Cyber Command, testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington. Foreign leaders are deterred from launching a major electronic attack on vital infrastructure in the U.S. because they know such a strike could be traced to its source and would generate a robust response, Alexander, the military's top cyber warrior said during congressional testimony Tuesday. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta, File)

FILE - In this Sept. 23, 2010 file photo, Army Gen. Keith B. Alexander, commander of the U.S. Cyber Command, testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington. Foreign leaders are deterred from launching a major electronic attack on vital infrastructure in the U.S. because they know such a strike could be traced to its source and would generate a robust response, Alexander, the military's top cyber warrior said during congressional testimony Tuesday. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta, File)

WASHINGTON (AP) ? The Defense Department is establishing a series of cyber teams charged with carrying out offensive operations to combat the threat of an electronic assault on the United States that could cause major damage and disruption to the country's vital infrastructure, a senior military official said Tuesday.

Gen. Keith Alexander, the top officer at U.S. Cyber Command, warned during testimony that the potential for an attack against the nation's electric grid and other essential systems is real and more aggressive steps need to be taken by the federal government and the private sector in order to improve digital defenses.

Alexander told the Senate Armed Services Committee that foreign leaders are deterred from launching cyberattacks on the United States because they know such a strike could be traced to its source and would generate a robust response.

But the country is not preventing what Alexander called "low-level harassment of private and public websites, property and information by other states." He did not mention any specific countries, even though the Obama administration is escalating its criticism of cyber thefts by China that have become intolerable to the international community.

Offensive cyber weapons are growing and evolving, Alexander said, and it is only a matter of time before tools developed by other nations wind up in the hands of extremist groups or even individuals who could do significant harm.

Alexander said 13 cyber teams are being formed for the mission of guarding the nation in cyberspace. He described them as "defend-the-nation" teams but stressed their role would be offensive. In comments to reporters after the hearing, Alexander likened the teams' duties to knocking an incoming missile out of the sky before it hits a target. He also said the teams would work outside the United States, but he did not say where.

He also said another 27 cyber teams are being established to support the military's warfighting commands while others will protect Defense Department's computer systems and data.

But even as Alexander detailed these moves, he pushed lawmakers to pass cybersecurity legislation that would make it easier for the government and the private sector ? which controls critical infrastructure such as the electric grid, banking systems, chemical facilities and water treatment systems ? to share detailed information about who is getting hacked and what to do about it.

President Barack Obama signed an executive order last month that relies heavily on participation from U.S. industry in creating new voluntary standards for protecting information and expands the government's effort to provide companies with threat data. But the order doesn't do enough to address the threat, administration officials said. Unresolved issues include the legal liability facing companies if they divulge information, and whether companies should be compelled to meet certain security standards.

The general also told the committee that there needs to be a clear consensus on how the nation is organized to protect critical infrastructure from cyberattacks. "It takes a team to operate in cyberspace," Alexander said. "But at times I think in talking about the team approach, we're not clear on who's in charge when."

Another issue that still needs to be settled is what constitutes an act of war in cyberspace, Alexander said. He does not consider cyberespionage and the theft of a corporation's intellectual property to be acts of war. But Alexander said, "I think you've crossed the line" if the intent is to disrupt or destroy U.S. infrastructure.

Sen. Carl Levin, D-Mich., the committee's chairman, noted that Obama recently issued a classified policy directive to govern cyber operations. The Pentagon also has developed a list of procedures on how to respond in "cyber crisis" situations, he added, and the Pentagon is expected to issue cyber rules of engagement for military commanders.

"The fact that these foundational policy frameworks and planning actions are just now taking shape serves as a stark illustration of how immature and complex this warfare domain remains," Levin said.

Alexander said the private sector maintains varying degrees of security over its computer systems. The financial industry typically is more secure than companies that operate the electric grid. Still, he said, banks are vulnerable to being disrupted by what are called denial of service attacks, a technique that works by overloading a website with traffic.

"The issue that we're weighing is, when does a nuisance become a real problem?" Alexander said. "And when are you prepared to step in for that? And that's the work that, I think, the administration is going through right now in highlighting that."

Alexander's testimony comes a day after Obama's national security adviser called for "serious steps" by China to stop cyber theft that has become intolerable to the international community.

The remarks on Monday by Tom Donilon before the Asia Society in New York underscore the growing concern in Washington over the security risks posed by cyber thefts and intrusions and the economic costs to U.S. businesses.

American companies are being more vocal about cyber theft emanating from China "on a very large scale." He said Beijing "should take serious steps to investigate and put a stop to these activities" and recognize the risk to international trade and to U.S.-China relations.

The Obama administration last month announced new efforts, including a new diplomatic push to discourage intellectual property theft abroad, to fight the growing theft of American trade secrets following the release of a report that linked China's military to the electronic theft of corporate trade secrets and U.S. government data.

After analyzing breaches that compromised more than 140 companies, the private security firm Mandiant has concluded that they can be linked to the People's Liberation Army's Unit 61398, a secret Chinese military organization based in Shanghai.

The Chinese government denied being involved in cyber theft, with China's defense minister calling the Mandiant report deeply flawed. China's Foreign Ministry said that country has also been a victim of hacking, much of it traced to the United States.

Levin asked Alexander if U.S. intelligence agencies can determine not only which Chinese government organizations are stealing U.S. intellectual property, but also what Chinese companies may be receiving that intellectual property and using it to compete against U.S. firms.

But Alexander declined to be specific in open setting, saying only that the intelligence agencies have increased their capabilities in this area significantly over the last several years.

After the hearing, Alexander said he saw no reason to amplify Donilon's remarks. "I agree with what Tom Donilon has put out there," he said. "I think it is absolutely on mark."

__

Follow Richard Lardner on Twitter: https://twitter.com/rplardner

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/495d344a0d10421e9baa8ee77029cfbd/Article_2013-03-12-Cybersecurity/id-39cf10ffa07348e5b9d8397a2a5a36f7

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6 teens killed in SUV crash in northeast Ohio

WARREN, Ohio (AP) ? A sport utility vehicle carrying eight teenagers crashed into a guardrail Sunday morning and landed in a pond in northeast Ohio, killing six of them and injuring the others, the Ohio State Highway Patrol said.

The Honda Passport veered off the left side of a road, hit a guardrail and overturned, Lt. Anne Ralston said. Investigators say it came to rest in a pond just south of the city of Warren, about 60 miles east of Cleveland near the Pennsylvania state line.

Ralston didn't know where the teens were headed. She didn't have any information to release on possible causes of or factors in the crash.

Two of the teens, both 15, were brought to a hospital "in full cardiac arrest," St. Joseph Health Center nursing supervisor Julie Gill said, and were pronounced dead there. She said they were treated for hypothermic drowning trauma, indicating they had been submerged in cold water.

The two teen boys who survived were treated for bruising and other injuries and released, she said.

All those killed were ages 14 to 19, authorities said. Their names weren't released, while family members were being contacted.

The highway patrol received the first call on the crash at 7:15 a.m., Ralston said. Divers helped the patrol, and local police referred calls seeking information to the patrol.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/6-teens-killed-suv-crash-northeast-ohio-195645322.html

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Monday, March 11, 2013

Control your smartphone with NFC tags

If you’re lazy and you know it raise your hand. I bet you were too lazy to even do that…right? Then this article is going to be perfect for you. Or, it will be perfect if you are lazy AND also own a smartphone equipped?with NFC. Some of the latest Android smartphones like the Samsung [...]

Source: http://the-gadgeteer.com/2013/03/11/control-your-smartphone-with-nfc-tags/

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Mount Diablo Unified Community Advisory Committee on Special ...

Dear John,?
??
Please join us for a free accessible home ownership seminar in?Berkeley?on March 27th, 2013.

This unique event is geared towards buyers with disabilities and their families. ? Our speakers will discuss ways to save money for a down payment, how to get a loan you can afford, finding accessible homes, Section 8 Home Ownership, and many other topics. ??
??
The seminar will be held on Wednesday March 27th, from 6pm to 8pm. ? Click?here?to visit our website where you can view and print a flyer containing all the details. ??
??
We've also attached a copy of the flyer to this email. ?If you are not able to view the flyer, all the pertinent information is described below.?
??
If you or anyone you know might be interested in attending, please call?510-364-6795??or e-mail?stephen@stephenbeard.net?? ?Please let us know your name, contact information, and the number of guests you wish to bring along. ? ? ? Please register as soon as you can...as space is limited for this event.?
??
We would also greatly appreciate it if you could print and post a copy of the flyer on your office bulletin board or forward this e-mail to anyone and everyone you know who might want to attend.?
??
SEMINAR DETAILS:?
??
DATE: ? Wednesday March 27th, 2013?
TIME: ? 6 PM - 8 PM?
LOCATION: ? Better Homes & Gardens Mason McDuffie Real Estate, 2095 Rose Street, #100, Berkeley, CA 94709?

Thanks so very much,?
??
??
Stephen Beard?
The Beard Realty Team?

Flyer

Source: http://mtdiablosped.blogspot.com/2013/03/free-home-ownership-seminar-for-people.html

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Friday, March 8, 2013

Nuggets win seventh straight, rout Clippers 107-92

Denver Nuggets forward Danilo Gallinari, right, of Italy, works the ball inside against Los Angeles Clippers center DeAndre Jordan in the first quarter of an NBA basketball game in Denver, Thursday, March 7, 2013. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)

Denver Nuggets forward Danilo Gallinari, right, of Italy, works the ball inside against Los Angeles Clippers center DeAndre Jordan in the first quarter of an NBA basketball game in Denver, Thursday, March 7, 2013. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)

Los Angeles Clippers guard Chris Paul picks up a loose ball against the Denver Nuggets in the first quarter of an NBA basketball game in Denver, Thursday, March 7, 2013. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)

Denver Nuggets center Kosta Koufos, left, blocks Los Angeles Clippers forward Caron Butler who drives the lane for a shot in the first quarter of an NBA basketball game in Denver, Thursday, March 7, 2013. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)

Los Angeles Clippers guard Chauncey Billups, left, looks to pass the ball as Denver Nuggets guard Ty Lawson covers in the first quarter of an NBA basketball game in Denver, Thursday, March 7, 2013. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)

(AP) ? The Denver Nuggets routed the surging Los Angeles Clippers 107-92 on Thursday night, riding 21 points from Ty Lawson and 20 from Danilo Gallinari to their 12th straight home win.

Seven Nuggets scored in double figures as Denver won its seventh straight overall and improved to 27-3 at home, tied with the Miami Heat for best in the NBA.

Despite 19 points from Matt Barnes and 17 from Blake Griffin, the Clippers saw their five-game road winning streak come to an end.

More importantly, they lost the season series to the Nuggets 2-1, a tiebreaker that could come into play if Denver can catch them for the third seed in the Western Conference playoffs. Right now, the Nuggets are in fifth, behind Memphis.

Before tip-off, Nuggets coach George Karl was asked about facing one of his favorite players, Chauncey Billups, his former point guard who was dragged into the Carmelo Anthony trade a couple years ago.

"I hope he has a good game," Karl said, "and I hope we win."

The Nuggets, who last won a dozen straight at home in 2005, got the best of Billups in his latest homecoming. He scored eight points.

Karl also said his goal was three-fold: "I'd like to win the turnover game, I'd like Chris Paul to be just good and not great and at the end of the night we have the same amount of 3-pointers as they do."

Both teams had 11 turnovers, Denver outscored Los Angeles by a dozen points from long range and Paul was good, not great, scoring 16 points and dishing out 10 assists, one fewer than Lawson had.

A bucket by Griffin, who was coming off his third career triple-double, gave the Clippers a 60-59 lead before the Nuggets scored 20 of the next 24 points to grab control.

Andre Iguodala's wide-open 3-pointer from the right elbow put Denver ahead 67-60. He added another 3, then fed Danilo Gallinari for a shot from the exact spot on the right side. A drive by Lawson and an alley-oop dunk by Gallinari made it 77-64 and forced a timeout.

The Clippers pulled to 85-75 heading into the fourth quarter but never got closer than eight before the Nuggets turned up the heat, outscoring them 13-2 on the fast break in the second half and stretching their lead to 18.

Jamal Crawford, who had a game-high 22 points in the Clippers' win over Denver on Christmas Day, sat out with a sore left ankle that he injured Wednesday night in L.A.'s 117-101 win over Milwaukee in which he scored 25 points.

"His ankle is pretty swollen, pretty sore after the flight last night with the back-to-backs," Clippers coach Vinny Del Negro said.

Del Negro said the Nuggets could withstand the loss of Crawford because none of his players logged extensive minutes against the Bucks, and sure enough, the Clippers were every bit as fresh as the Nuggets, matching them on fast-break points at six each in the first half, which ended in a 49-49 tie.

Of any Nuggets opponent, the Clippers can counter Denver's break-neck style. But the Nuggets began to beat them on the break in the second half.

NOTES: Denver is 27-11 against Western Conference teams. ... The Clippers have won six of the last nine games against the Nuggets. ... Billups is still a beloved figure in Denver, where he grew up. Said Karl: "I just think Chauncey's a winner, he's a class human being, he cares about the game, he cares about the city of Denver, he's just one of those guys that whenever he retires, I'm sure we'll want him back here, I'm sure the Nuggets will figure out how he'll be a part of the Nuggets if he wants to be a part of the Nuggets."

___

Follow Arnie Melendrez Stapleton on Twitter: http://twitter.com/arniestapleton

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-03-08-BKN-Clippers-Nuggets/id-642cb6a8f757403b89d2653704a7239f

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Thursday, March 7, 2013

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Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

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Newly identified biomarkers may help predict progression of Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma

Mar. 6, 2013 ? A series of microRNA expression signatures that may help to define progression of the precancerous condition Barrett's esophagus into esophageal adenocarcinoma was reported recently in Cancer Prevention Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

"Once a rare cancer representing only 5 percent of all esophageal cancers in the United States, esophageal adenocarcinoma is the cancer with the fastest-rising incidence -- six-fold increase in the past three decades -- and currently comprises more than 80 percent of all new esophageal cancer cases in this country," said Xifeng Wu, M.D., chair of the Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, in Houston. "To reduce the mortality of esophageal adenocarcinoma, the best hope in the near term is to detect it at its early stage, or even better, to prevent the progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma from its premalignant lesion, which is called Barrett's esophagus."

Wu and colleagues evaluated microRNAs, which are a class of small ribonucleic acids in cells capable of regulating a large number of genes. Research has shown that aberrant expression of microRNAs is involved in cancer development.

The researchers compared hundreds of microRNAs in normal esophageal epithelia and in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues of different histological grades with distinct progression risks. They identified a number of differentially expressed microRNAs at each histological stage.

"The expression of microRNAs in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues was remarkably similar, indicating that the microRNA aberrations were very early events in the development of Barrett's esophagus," Wu said. "These aberrations in microRNA expression may drive other late events that ultimately lead to carcinoma formation."

The researchers also identified a small number of microRNAs that were significantly different between Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Specifically, downregulation of the microRNA miR-375 and upregulation of five microRNAs of the miR-17-92 and homologue family seemed to differentiate Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

"Therefore, those patients with Barrett's esophagus with low levels of miR-375 and/or high levels of the other five microRNAs we found to be upregulated in esophageal adenocarcinoma are at increased risk for malignant progression and should be under intensive surveillance, screening and treatment of their Barrett's esophagus," Wu said.

"Defining the protein-coding genes targeted by the differentially expressed microRNAs we identified may provide significant biological insights into the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma," she added. "Moreover, these genes may themselves become promising biomarkers to predict Barrett's esophagus progression as well as potential preventive and therapeutic targets."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR).

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. X. Wu, J. A. Ajani, J. Gu, D. W. Chang, W. Tan, M. A. T. Hildebrandt, M. Huang, K. K. Wang, E. Hawk. MicroRNA Expression Signatures during Malignant Progression from Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Prevention Research, 2013; 6 (3): 196 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0276

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/BSkpUav76Jc/130306083811.htm

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Toshiba Satellite Pro L550 Synaptics Touchpad Driver 14.0.11.0 for Windows 7 x64

The package provides the installation files for Toshiba Satellite Pro L550 Synaptics Touchpad Driver. This driver allows you to set the properties and functions for touch pad control.

It is highly recommended to always use the most recent driver version available.

Do not forget to check with our site as often as possible in order to stay updated on the latest drivers, software and games.

Try to set a system restore point before installing a device driver. This will help if you installed a wrong driver. Problems can arise when your hardware device is too old or not supported any longer.

Source: http://drivers.softpedia.com/get/KEYBOARD-and-MOUSE/Synaptics/Toshiba-Satellite-Pro-L550-Synaptics-Touchpad-Driver-140110-for-Windows-7-x64.shtml

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Wednesday, March 6, 2013

Lewis Richmond: Emptiness: The Most Misunderstood Word in Buddhism

"Emptiness" is a central teaching of all Buddhism, but its true meaning is often misunderstood. If we are ever to embrace Buddhism properly into the West, we need to be clear about emptiness, since a wrong understanding of its meaning can be confusing, even harmful. The third century Indian Buddhist master Nagarjuna taught, "Emptiness wrongly grasped is like picking up a poisonous snake by the wrong end." In other words, we will be bitten!

Emptiness is not complete nothingness; it doesn't mean that nothing exists at all. This would be a nihilistic view contrary to common sense. What it does mean is that things do not exist the way our grasping self supposes they do. In his book on the Heart Sutra the Dalai Lama calls emptiness "the true nature of things and events," but in the same passage he warns us "to avoid the misapprehension that emptiness is an absolute reality or an independent truth." In other words, emptiness is not some kind of heaven or separate realm apart from this world and its woes.

The Heart Sutra says, "all phenomena in their own-being are empty." It doesn't say "all phenomena are empty." This distinction is vital. "Own-being" means separate independent existence. The passage means that nothing we see or hear (or are) stands alone; everything is a tentative expression of one seamless, ever-changing landscape. So though no individual person or thing has any permanent, fixed identity, everything taken together is what Thich Nhat Hanh calls "interbeing." This term embraces the positive aspect of emptiness as it is lived and acted by a person of wisdom -- with its sense of connection, compassion and love. Think of the Dalai Lama himself and the kind of person he is -- generous, humble, smiling and laughing -- and we can see that a mere intellectual reading of emptiness fails to get at its practical joyous quality in spiritual life. So emptiness has two aspects, one negative and the other quite positive.

Ari Goldfield, a Buddhist teacher at Wisdom Sun and translator of Stars of Wisdom , summarizes these two aspects as follows:

The first meaning of emptiness is called "emptiness of essence," which means that phenomena [that we experience] have no inherent nature by themselves." The second is called "emptiness in the context of Buddha Nature," which sees emptiness as endowed with qualities of awakened mind like wisdom, bliss, compassion, clarity, and courage. Ultimate reality is the union of both emptinesses.

With all of this in mind, I would like to highlight three common misunderstandings of emptiness: emotional, ethical and meditative.

Emotional

When we say "I feel empty," we mean we are feeling sad or depressed. Emotionally speaking, "emptiness" is not a happy word in English, and no matter how often we remind ourselves that Buddhist emptiness does not mean loneliness or separateness, that emotional undertow remains. At various times I have looked for a substitute translation for the Sanskrit sunyata -- I have tried "fullness," "spaciousness," "connectedness," and "boundlessness" -- but as Ari Goldfield points out, "emptiness" is the most exact translation. "Emptiness" is also the term that my own teacher Shunryu Suzuki used, though he usually added context. Once, speaking of emptiness he said, "I do not mean voidness. There is something, but that something is something which is always prepared for taking some particular form." Another time, speaking of the feeling tone of emptiness, he said, "Emptiness is like being at your mother's bosom and she will take care of you."

Ethical

Some Buddhist students rationalize or excuse bad behavior of their teacher by asserting that through his understanding of emptiness the teacher is exempt from the usual rules of conduct. One student said, "Roshi lives in the absolute so his behavior can't be judged by ordinary standards." While it is true that Buddhist teachers sometimes use unusual methods to awaken their students, their motivation must come from compassion, not selfishness. No behavior that causes harm is acceptable for a Buddhist practitioner, teacher or otherwise.

Meditative

Some Buddhist students think that a meditative state without thought or activity is the realization of emptiness. While such a state is well described in Buddhist meditation texts, it is treated like all mental states -- temporary and not ultimately conducive to liberation. Actually emptiness is not a state of mind at all; it is, as the Dalai Lama says, simply "the true nature of things and events." This includes the mind. Whether the mind of the meditator is full of thoughts or empty of them, this true nature holds.

Conclusion

Finally, since emptiness seems so difficult to understand, why did the Buddha teach it at all? It is because of his profound insight into why we suffer. Ultimately we suffer because we grasp after things thinking they are fixed, substantial, real and capable of being possessed by ego. It is only when we can see through this illusion and open ourselves, in Ari Goldfield's words, "to the reality of flux and fluidity that is ultimately ungraspable and inconceivable" that we can relax into clarity, compassion and courage. That lofty goal is what makes the effort to understand emptiness so worthwhile.

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Follow Lewis Richmond on Twitter: www.twitter.com/lewrichmond

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lewis-richmond/emptiness-most-misunderstood-word-in-buddhism_b_2769189.html

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Recon teases new sports head-up display for sunglasses, promises more info this summer

Image

Anyone who's ever had a nice brisk bike ride through a snowstorm is likely to cringe a bit at the above image. Though the gentlemen pictured is looking forward to the summer season for other reasons -- that's when the Recon heads-up display he's testing is set to get a bigger reveal. In the meantime, we're stuck staring at the above image of HUD-equipped sunglasses and wondering precisely what it all means -- aside, of course, for the company's move off the ski slopes.

Comments

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/06/recon/

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What are some examples of the cons of having an international ...

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Source: http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-cons-having-an-international-business-that-420397

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Tuesday, March 5, 2013

Casey Anthony makes first appearance since 2011

AP

Casey Anthony is protected from the media by her attorney, Cheney Mason, as she arrives at the United States Courthouse for a bankruptcy hearing Monday.

?

By Craig Giammona, NBC News

Casey Anthony?appeared in public Monday for the first time since being acquitted of murdering her 2-year old daughter, Caylee, in 2011.

She arrived at a federal bankruptcy hearing in Tampa, Fla., early in the day to face her creditors. She is expected to be asked how she has been supporting herself.

Anthony filed for bankruptcy in late January, claiming she had $1,000 in assets and nearly $800,000 in debts, including $500,000 owed to her former attorney Jose Baez, ?NBC station WESH in Orlando reported.

Anyone who is?owed money by Anthony can attend the hearing and ask her questions, WESH reported.?

One of Anthony's lawyers, Charles Greene, told WESH in late?January?that Anthony had been "living on the kindness of friends for the most part."

"There are people that believe in her that will see her through this ordeal," Greene said after Anthony filed bankruptcy papers.

He said Anthony filed for bankruptcy to stop people from coming after her with lawsuits.?

"She wants people to just leave her alone," Greene said. "She's had multiple opportunities to do tell-all book deals, to do tell-all interviews for a lot of money. That's not what she's trying to do. She wants this over so she can finally have the time to mourn, not only about the the loss of her daughter, but the loss of her life."

Though she has largely stayed out of the public eye since her controversial?acquittal, Anthony appeared in a YouTube video that surfaced in January 2012 showing her with short, blonde hair, a departure from how she looked during her closely watched murder trial.

Related:?

Casey Anthony files for Chapter 7

Judge throws out Anthony charges

This story was originally published on

Source: http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/03/04/17179663-casey-anthony-makes-first-public-appearance-since-2011?lite

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You've Never Heard Of The 2 Richest People In Advertising ...

The two richest people in advertising, according to Forbes new list of the world's billionaires, are Jean-Claude Decaux and his family, and Elisabeth Badinter.

The Decaux and Badinter names are well-known to adbiz insiders. Decaux is the huge outdoor/billboard conglomerate that competes with CBS Outdoor and Lamar Advertising. Jean-Claude is 233rd on the list of the world's most wealthy, with a fortune estimated at $5.2 billion.

Badinter is the French intellectual feminist heiress to the fortune of Marcel Bleustein-Blanchet, founder of Publicis Groupe. She's currently the chairman of Publicis. She's 1,031st on the list, with a $1.4 billion fortune.

They're both French.

Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/youve-never-heard-of-the-2-richest-people-in-advertising-2013-3

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Monday, March 4, 2013

Genetic risk factors for common eye disorder come into focus

Mar. 3, 2013 ? An international group of investigators has identified seven new genetic regions associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a common cause of blindness in older individuals. The findings, reported online March 3 in Nature Genetics, could point to new biological pathways and therapeutic targets for AMD.

The AMD Gene Consortium, a network of 18 research groups supported by the National Eye Institute, also confirmed 12 genetic loci identified in previous studies. The study represents the most comprehensive genome-wide analysis of genetic variations associated with AMD.

The consortium's efforts have now explained up to 65 percent of the genetics of AMD, said Jonathan Haines, Ph.D., director of the Vanderbilt Center for Human Genetics Research.

In addition to genetic causes, which may account for about half of all cases of AMD, risk factors include age, smoking, high blood pressure, obesity and diet.

"We're getting closer and closer to understanding the full list of risk factors for AMD," said Haines, one of the lead authors of the study and principal investigator of the coordinating center for the consortium.

AMD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that kills photoreceptor cells in the macula -- the region of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed central vision. As AMD advances, it robs individuals of the central vision necessary for everyday activities like reading, driving, watching television and identifying faces. About 2 million people in the United States have advanced AMD, according to the National Eye Institute.

Haines and others discovered the first genetic risk factor for AMD in 2005 -- a gene called Complement Factor H, which is involved in inflammatory signaling pathways. Since then, researchers have identified a number of other genetic loci associated with AMD, but the studies usually involved small numbers of individuals.

"It was very clear that if we wanted to make real progress in understanding the genetics of AMD, we needed to pull all of these various datasets together -- which is what the AMD Gene Consortium has done," Haines said.

A strength of the AMD Gene Consortium, Haines noted, is the participation of groups from all over the world. The consortium combined existing genome-wide association scans (GWAS) and performed additional genotyping studies. The researchers examined genetic data from more than 17,000 patients with advanced AMD and more than 60,000 people without AMD.

The loci they identified include genes involved in immune system signaling, lipid metabolism, remodeling of the matrix that surrounds cells and blood vessel development. The researchers are continuing to study the genetic regions, Haines said.

"This paper is a global population look at genetic loci, and now we're drilling down to the details and discovering rare variants in genes that may suggest how they participate in causing AMD," Haines said.

The hope, Haines said, is that a full understanding of genetic and environmental risk factors will allow the computation of an AMD risk score. Several companies already offer tests that generate risk scores, but they are based on older information.

"If we can identify the people who are at greatly increased risk for AMD, perhaps we can begin to do clinical trials to test treatments that may prevent the disease," Haines said.

Current treatments for AMD help stabilize the disease, but they do not reverse its course. New treatments based on the genetic findings are in development, Haines said.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Vanderbilt University Medical Center, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Lars G Fritsche et al. Seven new loci associated with age-related macular degeneration. Nature Genetics, 03 March 2013 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2578

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/JnfGiCZeokw/130303155107.htm

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No box office killing for big-budget "Jack the Giant Slayer"

(Reuters) - "Jack the Giant Slayer," the first big-budget action film of the year, was anything but a killer at the weekend box office.

"Jack," a retelling of the "Jack and the Beanstalk" fairy tale, earned the No. 1 spot on domestic box office charts with $28 million in ticket sales in U.S. and Canadian theaters, according to studio estimates compiled by Reuters on Sunday.

But that was an underwhelming start for a 3D movie that cost $189 million to produce, plus tens of millions more to market.

"Jack the Giant Slayer" also grossed $13.7 million from 1,824 screens in 10 Asian markets.

Comedy "Identity Thief" took in $9.7 million to capture second place, and new adult comedy "21 and Over" finished in third place on domestic charts with $9 million in ticket sales from Friday through Sunday.

Low-budget horror sequel "The Last Exorcism Part II" took the No. 4 slot with $8 million, according to studio estimates.

"Jack" clearly was not a great opening by any means, said Phil Contrino, vice president/chief analyst with Boxoffice.com.

"But I wouldn't rush to call the film a financial flop just yet because overseas growth can really save a movie, and I feel that this is a movie that could do really well in other territories and make up for the fact that the North American haul was a little bit underwhelming."

The movie stars Nicholas Hoult as a young farmer who ventures into the land of the giants to save a kidnapped princess. The film received a mixed reception from critics. As of Friday, 49 percent of reviews recommended the movie on aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes.

Warner Bros. believes "Jack" will perform well in overseas markets as it opens in more countries in the coming weeks. International sales, particularly for action movies, can run twice as high or more.

"It was within the range of our expectations," Jeff Goldstein, vice president theatrical distributions at Warner Bros., said about the film's domestic weekend performance.

"We know that this is a global picture and the technology and the special effects will really drive this movie internationally," he added.

Global takings helped to push "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" over the billion dollar milestone at the worldwide box office during the weekend, making it only the 15th film in history to achieve the feat.

"We could not be more proud to have reached this amazing benchmark," Dan Fellman, president of domestic distribution of Warner Bros. Pictures, said in a statement on Sunday.

MAKING BACK ITS BUDGET

"Jack the Giant Slayer" was produced by Time Warner Inc-owned Warner Brothers and Legendary Entertainment, which partnered with Warner on hits including "The Dark Knight" trilogy and "The Hangover" series.

Two of last year's films with bigger budgets flopped - Walt Disney Co's $250 million Mars epic "John Carter" and the $209 million action movie "Battleship" from Comcast Corp's Universal Pictures - forcing the companies to acknowledge financial losses.

"John Carter," released in March last year, opened with $30.2 million, according to Box Office Mojo.

Janney Montgomery Scott analyst Tony Wible, who compiles a database to project film performance, had estimated "Jack" would need to open with at least $25 million at U.S. and Canadian theaters to make back its budget, not including marketing costs.

"21 and Over," produced for $13 million, is a college party comedy about three friends who celebrate a 21st birthday on the night before a big exam. It was written by the screenwriters of "The Hangover."

The "Last Exorcism" sequel follows the 2010 original about a minister who lets his demon-fighting be filmed by a documentary crew. In the new movie, the story resumes with the girl who was previously freed from an evil force running into more trouble. Distributor CBS Films, a unit of CBS Corp, acquired the sequel for about $3 million.

Rounding out the top five films was "Snitch," which brought in $7.7 million.

Another new release, "Phantom," failed to finish in the top 10 performing films. The movie stars Ed Harris and David Duchovny in the story of a Soviet submarine captain leading a secret mission.

"Identity Thief" was released by Universal Pictures, a unit of Comcast. "Snitch" was distributed by Summit Entertainment, a unit of Lions Gate Entertainment "Phantom" was released by privately held RCR Distribution.

(Reporting By Lisa Richwine and Patricia Reaney; Editing by Bill Trott and Philip Barbara)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/jack-giant-slayer-tops-weekend-box-office-164128753--sector.html

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Video: John Harwood on the latest sequester talks



>> for more on the budget impasse, we are joined tonight by cnbc's chief washington correspondent, john harwood . why don't i just put this question to you. why can't they get their act together?

>> underneath the partisan maneuvering, lester , thereville a deep philosophic divide u republicans want to shrink the size of government by more than the public supports right now but president obama can't force republicans to raise taxes to pay for government as it is and in that way, they reflect the contradictions of the american people , who collectively like receiving government benefits more than they like paying for it.

>> what's not going to get done while this standoff continues?

>> it may be that the two sides, lester , blow the whistle , take a timeout, work on things that they can agree on, like immigration. maybe even some gun control measures. but this fiscal debate could come back in the next few months, either because of the sequester backlash or because republicans decide they really do need to rein in spending on those big problgrams of medicare and social security and the only way they can make that happen is by accepting more tax increases, lester .

>> john harwood , good see you.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/video/nightly-news/51028738/

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Getting around the Uncertainty Principle

Getting around the Uncertainty Principle [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Mar-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Leonor Sierra
lsierra@ur.rochester.edu
585-276-6264
University of Rochester

Physicists make first direct measurements of polarization states of light

Researchers at the University of Rochester and the University of Ottawa have applied a recently developed technique to directly measure for the first time the polarization states of light. Their work both overcomes some important challenges of Heisenberg's famous Uncertainty Principle and also is applicable to qubits, the building blocks of quantum information theory.

They report their results in a paper published this week in Nature Photonics.

The direct measurement technique was first developed in 2011 by scientists at the National Research Council, Canada, to measure the wavefunction a way of determining the state of a quantum system.

Such direct measurements of the wavefunction had long seemed impossible because of a key tenet of the uncertainty principle the idea that certain properties of a quantum system could be known only poorly if certain other related properties were known with precision. The ability to make these measurements directly challenges the idea that full understanding of a quantum system could never come from direct observation.

The Rochester/Ottawa researchers, led by Robert Boyd, who has appointments at both universities, measured the polarization states of light - the directions in which the electric and magnetic fields of the light oscillate. Their key result, like that of the team that pioneered direct measurement, is that it is possible to measure key related variables, known as "conjugate" variables, of a quantum particle or state directly. The polarization states of light can be used to encode information, which is why they can be the basis of qubits in quantum information applications.

"The ability to perform direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction has important future implications for quantum information science," explained Boyd, Canada Excellence Research Chair in Quantum Nonlinear Optics at the University of Ottawa and Professor of Optics and Physics at the University of Rochester. "Ongoing work in our group involves applying this technique to other systems, for example, measuring the form of a "mixed" (as opposed to a pure) quantum state."

Previously, a technique called quantum tomography has allowed researchers to measure the information contained in these quantum states, but only indirectly. Quantum tomography requires intensive post-processing of the data, and this is a time-consuming process that is not required in the direct measurement technique. Thus, in principle, the new technique provides the same information as quantum tomography but in significantly less time.

"The key to characterizing any quantum system is gathering information about conjugate variables," said co-author Jonathan Leach, who is now a lecturer at Heriot-Watt University, UK. "The reason it wasn't thought possible to measure two conjugate variables directly was because measuring one would destroy the wavefunction before the other one could be measured."

The direct measurement technique employs a "trick" to measure the first property in such a way that the system is not disturbed significantly and information about the second property can still be obtained. This careful measurement relies on the "weak measurement" of the first property followed by a "strong measurement" of the second property.

First described 25 years ago, weak measurement requires that the coupling between the system and what is used to measure it be, as its name suggests, "weak", which means that the system is barely disturbed in the measurement process. The downside of this type of measurement is that a single measurement only provides a small amount of information, and to get an accurate readout, the process has to be repeated multiple times and the average taken.

Boyd and his colleagues used the position and momentum of the light as the indicator of the polarization state. To couple the polarization to the spatial degree of freedom they used birefringent crystals: when light goes through such a crystal, there is a spatial separation introduced for different polarizations. For example, if light is made of a combination of horizontally and vertically polarized component, the positions of the individual components will spread out when it goes through the crystal according to its polarization. The thickness of the crystal can control the strength of the measurement, weak or strong, and determine the degree of separation, correspondingly small or large.

In this experiment, Boyd and his colleagues passed polarized light through two crystals of differing thicknesses: the first, a very thin crystal that "weakly" measures the horizontal and vertical polarization state; the second, a much thicker crystal that "strongly" measures the diagonal and anti-diagonal polarization state. As the first measurement was performed weakly, the system is not significantly disturbed, and therefore, information gained from the second measurement was still valid. This process is repeated several times to build up accurate statistics. Putting all of this together gives a full, direct characterization of the polarization states of the light.

###

The other authors of the paper are Jeff Z. Salvail, Megan Agnew and Allan S. Johnson, all of whom were undergraduates at Ottawa when the research was carried out, and Ottawa graduate student Eliot Bolduc.

This work was supported by the Canada Excellence Research Chairs (CERC) Program and Boyd also acknowledges support from the DARPA InPho program.

About the University of Rochester

The University of Rochester is one of the nation's leading private universities. Located in Rochester, N.Y., the University gives students exceptional opportunities for interdisciplinary study and close collaboration with faculty through its unique cluster-based curriculum. Its College, School of Arts and Sciences, and Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences are complemented by its Eastman School of Music, Simon School of Business, Warner School of Education, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Nursing, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, and the Memorial Art Gallery.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Getting around the Uncertainty Principle [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Mar-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Leonor Sierra
lsierra@ur.rochester.edu
585-276-6264
University of Rochester

Physicists make first direct measurements of polarization states of light

Researchers at the University of Rochester and the University of Ottawa have applied a recently developed technique to directly measure for the first time the polarization states of light. Their work both overcomes some important challenges of Heisenberg's famous Uncertainty Principle and also is applicable to qubits, the building blocks of quantum information theory.

They report their results in a paper published this week in Nature Photonics.

The direct measurement technique was first developed in 2011 by scientists at the National Research Council, Canada, to measure the wavefunction a way of determining the state of a quantum system.

Such direct measurements of the wavefunction had long seemed impossible because of a key tenet of the uncertainty principle the idea that certain properties of a quantum system could be known only poorly if certain other related properties were known with precision. The ability to make these measurements directly challenges the idea that full understanding of a quantum system could never come from direct observation.

The Rochester/Ottawa researchers, led by Robert Boyd, who has appointments at both universities, measured the polarization states of light - the directions in which the electric and magnetic fields of the light oscillate. Their key result, like that of the team that pioneered direct measurement, is that it is possible to measure key related variables, known as "conjugate" variables, of a quantum particle or state directly. The polarization states of light can be used to encode information, which is why they can be the basis of qubits in quantum information applications.

"The ability to perform direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction has important future implications for quantum information science," explained Boyd, Canada Excellence Research Chair in Quantum Nonlinear Optics at the University of Ottawa and Professor of Optics and Physics at the University of Rochester. "Ongoing work in our group involves applying this technique to other systems, for example, measuring the form of a "mixed" (as opposed to a pure) quantum state."

Previously, a technique called quantum tomography has allowed researchers to measure the information contained in these quantum states, but only indirectly. Quantum tomography requires intensive post-processing of the data, and this is a time-consuming process that is not required in the direct measurement technique. Thus, in principle, the new technique provides the same information as quantum tomography but in significantly less time.

"The key to characterizing any quantum system is gathering information about conjugate variables," said co-author Jonathan Leach, who is now a lecturer at Heriot-Watt University, UK. "The reason it wasn't thought possible to measure two conjugate variables directly was because measuring one would destroy the wavefunction before the other one could be measured."

The direct measurement technique employs a "trick" to measure the first property in such a way that the system is not disturbed significantly and information about the second property can still be obtained. This careful measurement relies on the "weak measurement" of the first property followed by a "strong measurement" of the second property.

First described 25 years ago, weak measurement requires that the coupling between the system and what is used to measure it be, as its name suggests, "weak", which means that the system is barely disturbed in the measurement process. The downside of this type of measurement is that a single measurement only provides a small amount of information, and to get an accurate readout, the process has to be repeated multiple times and the average taken.

Boyd and his colleagues used the position and momentum of the light as the indicator of the polarization state. To couple the polarization to the spatial degree of freedom they used birefringent crystals: when light goes through such a crystal, there is a spatial separation introduced for different polarizations. For example, if light is made of a combination of horizontally and vertically polarized component, the positions of the individual components will spread out when it goes through the crystal according to its polarization. The thickness of the crystal can control the strength of the measurement, weak or strong, and determine the degree of separation, correspondingly small or large.

In this experiment, Boyd and his colleagues passed polarized light through two crystals of differing thicknesses: the first, a very thin crystal that "weakly" measures the horizontal and vertical polarization state; the second, a much thicker crystal that "strongly" measures the diagonal and anti-diagonal polarization state. As the first measurement was performed weakly, the system is not significantly disturbed, and therefore, information gained from the second measurement was still valid. This process is repeated several times to build up accurate statistics. Putting all of this together gives a full, direct characterization of the polarization states of the light.

###

The other authors of the paper are Jeff Z. Salvail, Megan Agnew and Allan S. Johnson, all of whom were undergraduates at Ottawa when the research was carried out, and Ottawa graduate student Eliot Bolduc.

This work was supported by the Canada Excellence Research Chairs (CERC) Program and Boyd also acknowledges support from the DARPA InPho program.

About the University of Rochester

The University of Rochester is one of the nation's leading private universities. Located in Rochester, N.Y., the University gives students exceptional opportunities for interdisciplinary study and close collaboration with faculty through its unique cluster-based curriculum. Its College, School of Arts and Sciences, and Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences are complemented by its Eastman School of Music, Simon School of Business, Warner School of Education, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Nursing, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, and the Memorial Art Gallery.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-03/uor-gat022813.php

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